Igridi kagesi e-United States ibiwumthombo onokwethenjelwa nothembekile wokusatshalaliswa kukagesi amashumi amaningi eminyaka. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezici ezihlukahlukene ezinjengokukhishwa kwe-carbonization yokukhiqiza, ukufakwa kukagesi kwezokuthutha, kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa nokusatshalaliswa kukagesi endaweni eyodwa akusathenjwa njengoba kwakunjalo.

Ngenxa yalokho, izikhungo eziningi zikahulumeni, amabhizinisi, kanye nemiphakathi manje isiphendukela kuma-microgrid njengesixazululo sokugcina ugesi ukhanya ngesikhathi sokucima. Ngakho-ke, iyini ngempela i-microgrid? I-microgrid iwuhlelo lukagesi oluxhumene oluqukethe imithombo eminingi ekhiqizwayo kanye nemithwalo elawulekayo. Ingasebenza ngokuhambisana noma ngokuzimela kugridi yensiza futhi iklanyelwe ukunikeza isisombululo esithembekile sokulahlekelwa kwamandla okungalindelekile nokuphathwa kwamandla. Imithombo yokukhiqiza kugridi encane ivamise ukubizwa ngokuthi yizinsiza zamandla asabalalisiwe (ama-DER), okuyizimpahla ezihlukaniselwe indawo ezilawulwa njengesistimu ehlanganisiwe.

I-microgrid empeleni iyigridi encane kagesi ngaphakathi kwegridi enkulu, futhi ingasebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo noma "ibekwe esiqhingini" isuka kugridi eyinhloko ukuze ikwazi ukumelana nokuqina kwesistimu. Inhloso yayo eyinhloko iwukunikeza amandla angaphazamiseki futhi athembekile uma kwenzeka kuphazamiseka igridi yensiza, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi ebalulekile ingaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.

Ngakho-ke, i-microgrid isebenza kanjani ngempela? I-microgrid ihlanganisa izimpahla ezihlukahlukene zokuphehla amandla ezingase zisebenze ngokubambisana nomhlinzeki wosizo ukuze zikhulise ukukhiqizwa kwazo noma zisebenze ngokuzimele ukuze zinike amandla imisebenzi ebalulekile. Lezi zimpahla ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amajeneretha kaphethiloli endabuko, kanye nemithombo evuselelekayo njengokugcina umoya, ilanga, namandla. I-microgrid isebenza ngokukhiqiza nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ukuze kunikeze izixazululo zikagesi eziqinile, ezisebenza kahle neziqhubekayo.

Ukuze kunikwe amandla izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zegridi encane ukuthi zisebenze ngendlela ehlelekile, kusetshenziswa amasistimu okulawula ama-microgrid ahlakaniphile. Lezi zinhlelo zokulawula zingacatshangwa njengomqhubi we-orchestra ye-DER, okuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izimpahla zisebenza ndawonye ngaphandle komthungo.

Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zama-microgrid ukuguquguquka kwawo nokwenza ngokwezifiso. I-microgrid ngayinye ingalungiselelwa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile kanye nezidingo zenhlangano ewuthumelayo. Ngokuya ngezinto eziza kuqala kuzo, izinhlangano zivame ukuwela phakathi kochungechunge lokubeka phambili imigomo emithathu: ukuqina, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusimama. Kodwa-ke, ukwakha igridi encane ezanelisa ngokugcwele zontathu izinjongo kungase kuvimbele izindleko. Ngakho-ke, onjiniyela basebenzisana eduze nezinhlangano ukuze baqonde izidingo zabo ezihlukile futhi bakhombe izinhlelo zokusebenza nezimpahla ezidingekayo ukuze unjiniyela wangokwezifiso isisombululo esifanele.

Ukuqina kuyinkinga enkulu ezinkampanini eziningi nemiphakathi yokuhlala. Ngokwanda kosongo lokuhlaselwa kwe-inthanethi kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu, ukufinyelela emandleni angaguquki nathembekile kubalulekile. Izifundazwe eziningi zikubonile ukubaluleka kwama-microgrid ekwehliseni noma ekuqedeni ukulahleka kwamandla futhi zitshale imali kuzo njengengxenye yemizamo yazo yokubhekana nezinhlekelele. Ama-Microgrid awagcini nje ngokusiza ukuqinisa imisebenzi ebalulekile kodwa futhi afaka isandla engqalasizinda yamandla eqinile, eqinisekisa ukuthi imiphakathi ingalulama ngokushesha enkingeni.

Ukusebenza kahle kungenye inzuzo ebalulekile yama-microgrid. Ohulumeni, izinhlangano, nezikhungo zingazuza izinzuzo zezezimali ngokugwema izindleko nokwenza imali ngaphandle. Ukugwema izindleko kubandakanya ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla akhiqizwa ngokukhululeka emithonjeni evuselelekayo. Uma isitoreji samandla singezwa emithonjeni evuselelekayo, sivumela amandla agciniwe ukuthi asetshenziswe ngezikhathi zezindleko zamandla egridi yokusetshenziswa kakhulu, ukwehlisa izindleko zokufunwa okuphezulu kanye nokuhlinzeka ukonga kwebhili. Ukwenza imali kwangaphandle kwenzeka ngokubamba iqhaza ezinhlelweni zokuphendula isidingo noma ukuthengisa izinsiza zamandla ezinkampanini zangaphandle.

Okokugcina, ama-microgrid adlala indima ebalulekile emizamweni yokusimama. Izinhlangano eziningi zisungule imigomo yokufinyelela ukusebenza kwe-carbon neutral ngedethi ethile. Kodwa-ke, enye yezinselelo ngemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengelanga nomoya imvelo yazo yezikhawu. Ama-Microgrid angasebenzisa inhlanganisela yemithombo evuselelekayo namasistimu okugcina amandla ebhethri ukuze agcine amandla engeziwe ngezikhathi zokukhiqiza okuphezulu futhi awakhiphe lapho imithombo evuselelekayo ingakhiqizi ngokwanele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo. Lokhu kusiza izinhlangano ukuthi zifeze izinjongo zazo zokuqeda ikhabhoni ngenkathi zihlinzeka ngokonga kwezindleko zamandla kanye nokuqina kokusebenza.

Inkampani eyodwa ehamba phambili embonini ye-microgrid yi-ACDC. Basebenza ngokukhethekile ekusizeni amakhasimende akhe izixazululo zamandla ezinokwethenjelwa ezihambisana nezidingo zabo ezithile. Esikhungweni sawo Sokuzizwela, amaklayenti angahlola izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokufinyelela amandla avuselelekayo, enze inzuzo ngokunikezwa ngokweqile, futhi aze asebenzise amandla angaphakathi angamaphesenti angu-100 ngaphandle kokusekelwa kwegridi. Isilawuli segridi encane ye-ACDC siphatha ngobuhlakani imithombo eminingi efana nelanga, ukugcinwa kwamandla, ukukhiqiza, kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwamandla ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kokusebenza. Idizayini yabo yesistimu ye-modular iphinde ivumele ukuqina kwekusasa nokwenza ngokwezifiso.

Sengiphetha, ama-microgrid aba yisixazululo esithandwa kakhulu ezinseleleni zokwethenjwa kwegridi kanye nokunqamuka kukagesi. Ngokunikeza amandla athembekile phakathi nokucisha, ama-microgrid asiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi ebalulekile ingaqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-microgrid anikezela ngezinzuzo ezahlukahlukene njengokuqina, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokusimama, okuwenza abe yinketho ekhangayo kohulumeni, amabhizinisi kanye nemiphakathi emhlabeni jikelele.

Imikhiqizo ehlobene:

Ikhabhinethi Yesitoreji Samandla Asabalalisiwe Self-EN-215 - Uhlobo Lwamandla

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